Nested Conditions in Python | Learn Python on BeingSkilled

In Python, you can place one if statement inside another. This is known as a nested condition. It allows you to check multiple conditions in a structured way and control the flow of your program based on multiple levels of logic.

Syntax

if condition1:
    if condition2:
        # block runs only if both conditions are True
    else:
        # condition1 is True, but condition2 is False
else:
    # condition1 is False

Example 1: Simple Nested if

age = 20
has_id = True

if age >= 18:
    if has_id:
        print("Entry allowed")

Both conditions must be true for the message to print.

Example 2: Nested if-else

password = "admin123"
logged_in = True

if logged_in:
    if password == "admin123":
        print("Access granted")
    else:
        print("Wrong password")
else:
    print("Please log in")

Only logged-in users proceed to password check.

Example 3: Grading System

marks = 87

if marks >= 50:
    if marks >= 85:
        print("Grade: A")
    else:
        print("Grade: B")
else:
    print("Fail")

Nested conditions help in refining categories.

Example 4: Checking Discount Eligibility

membership = "Gold"
purchase_amount = 6000

if membership == "Gold":
    if purchase_amount > 5000:
        print("20% discount applied")
    else:
        print("10% discount applied")
else:
    print("No discount")

Discounts depend on both membership and amount.

Example 5: Using elif Inside Nested Block

day = "Sunday"
is_holiday = True

if is_holiday:
    if day == "Sunday":
        print("Relax! It's Sunday")
    elif day == "Saturday":
        print("Weekend vibe")
    else:
        print("Midweek break")
else:
    print("Workday")

Multiple nested options using elif.

Example 6: Input Validation with Nested Conditions

username = "admin"
password = "secret"

if username:
    if password:
        print("Logged in")
    else:
        print("Password required")
else:
    print("Username required")

Checks for both inputs in order.

Example 7: Nested in Loops (Brief Preview)

for x in [10, 20, 30]:
    if x > 15:
        if x == 30:
            print("Thirty")
        else:
            print("Greater than 15")

Nested conditions often appear inside loops.

Example 8: Nested with and/or Logic

user_role = "admin"
logged_in = True

if logged_in:
    if user_role == "admin" or user_role == "superuser":
        print("Admin panel access")

Combines logical operators inside nested blocks.

Example 9: Banking Scenario

balance = 1000
withdraw = 500

if withdraw > 0:
    if balance >= withdraw:
        print("Withdrawal successful")
    else:
        print("Insufficient funds")
else:
    print("Invalid amount")

Nested logic for secure transaction processing.

Example 10: Deep Nesting (Not Recommended)

x = 5

if x > 0:
    if x < 10:
        if x == 5:
            print("Value is 5")

Deep nesting works but may reduce readability. Consider simplifying.

Tips for Using Nested Conditions

Use nested if when one condition depends on another.
Keep nesting shallow when possible to improve readability.
Use logical operators like and, or when nesting becomes too deep.
Indent blocks clearly — Python relies on indentation for structure.

Nested conditions help manage multiple layers of logic and are especially useful when decisions depend on other decisions. Use them wisely for readable and effective Python code.

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